Hammer.



HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.21,1908.

H. B. WHITE.

H. B. WHITE.

HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED 11113.21, 1908.

Patented May 13, 1.913.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2 WWW HARRY IB. WHITE,

STATES PATENT opinion. Q

oF cANToN, oIo.

HAMMER.

4To all whom z't-'may concern y Be it known that I, HARRY B4. WHITE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Canton, in the county of StarkJand State of I Improvements cally operated Ohio, have invented certain new and useful in Hammers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to .the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to electrimechanism for reciprocating tools, and particularly tools of the drop type such as power hammers or drop forging mechanism in which the hammer or drop is raised and sustained against gravity and uponf being released the working stroke is performed, the reciprocating hereinafter.

part being acted upon by gravity. T he invention may also be applied to the operation of drills or punchesand it mayV have other applications.

The invention is not `limited in alll of its details toi a gravity iniiuelced mechanism adapted to be sustained in'its raisedposition, as before referred to. On the contrary, various features of the invention are applicable to a wide variety of apparatus.

One object of the invention is to provide apparatus of the character described withV means for regulating the working stroke.v

A furtherV object of the invention is to provide 'electrical switching mechanism, fori controlling the operation of the reciprocating part, the said mechanism being controlled by the releasing mechanism for the said part.

A' further i object ofthe invention is to provide electrical switching apparatus for controlling the reciprocating part, said apparatusl being controlled by bot-h the reciprocating part and its releasing mechanism.

Other objects of theinvention will appear In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view oft apparatus embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is ,for the most part,'aI vertical .axial section of the electrical op-J erating means forthe reciprocating part, the magnetic casing forrthe lower solenoid be; ing partially shown in side elevation but being broken away to 'showthe plunger which in turn is partially shown in section so that the mannerv of connecting the 'magi netie plunger with the remainder vofthe re- Patented May -larged perspective view of the working mechanism for controlling the reciprocating part, this mechanism being' shown in conjunction with adjacent parts and the elec- Atrical connections being ,diagrammatically shown; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a "portion of the block or anvil which is em'- ployed in connect-ion with :an article as shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 5 isa perspective View of the article referred to; and, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a det-ail of the block or anvil.

Referring to the drawings, upon any suitable support or floor 1 is monntedithe base 2 of the mechanism. From this base extends the vertical standard 3. Upon this standard are sleeves 4 and 5 which are conveniently T-shaped pipe couplings fitted with set screws as shown for securing them in suitable positons vupon the standard. rExtending from the sides of the sleeves 4 and 5 are the arms and 7, which may conveniently be straight pipe' connections having their ends screwed into the T pipe couplings. At ltheir ends opposite the couplings referred tto, the arms 6 and l7 carry rings 8 and 9 each of which is ianged at one side and be- ,tween which extends a magnetic shell Kor" casing 10 whic contains a suit-ably insulated magnetic coil 11. The-rings 8 and 9 are Ialso preferably of magnetic material as well as the casing 10 and these'rings overlap the ends of the coil. This, it will be seen (see particularly effect of the coil'for a given number of ampere turns. and mounted above the same is a second magnet coil l2. `A sleeve'13, preferably of non-magnetic material, extends centrally through the coils and within thisr sleeve slides the plunger 14 which is acted upon by the coil 12 to raise or'retract the reciprocating part, and is acted upon by the coil 11 `during its working stroke. The plunger 14. is, of course, of magnetic material and is joined to the reciprocating tool 15 \by means *ofa non-magnetic rod 16 (which may be of brass) which at one end 1s s e ured tothe end of the plunger and at the-other end is secured to the tool.. j

To the top of the plunger is secured a rod 17, which, atlits upper end, carries a hook `18 adapted tol be engaged by avpivoted catch magnet coil thereby greatly increasing the Fig. 2) provides a complete Coaxial with the magnet 11 19 supported by the Kstandard 3 through die instrumentality ofa bar 20-sliding in a` T coupling 21 (in which it i's secured by set screws as` shown) which coupling is connected with a similar-coupling 22 upon the standard 3x by means of` a straight pipe section 2 3, the pipe coupling 22 being secured upon the standard byv Ameans of the 'set screws as shown. lt will, of course, be understood, that other suit-able forms of support might be employed. r

A spring 24 bends to holdfthecatch 19 in position to engage the hook 18 and l'a bracket 19 upon the bar 20 serves` to guide the hook 18 into position to befengaged.

The catch is moved vto disengage the^hook 18 and release the reciprocating part by means of a ro'd 25 which, at its upper end, engages the tail lof the catch 19 and at Iits lower end is pivot-ally secured to the treadle '26 so that when the treadlel is depressed the' reciprocating part will be released. A'suitable guide 27 for the rod 25 is secured to the standard 3 at its upper end. Suitable guides for this rod may be added or omitted ascircumstances may dictate. For controlling the electrical apparatus a switchA plate 28 issupported upon the bar 20. Of course', it might be supported in any other suitable manner. A rock shaft 29 is supported in a T-coupling 30 secured upon the bar 20 (see Fig. 3). .To one end of this rock'shaft is secured a switch arm 31 which moves over the face of the plate 28 as the shaft 29 is /are suitably insulated. Fixed to the rock' Y shaft 29 is`an arm' 35 which is forked at one rocked, and which at one end of its travel is adapted to engage and form electrical con-` tact with the stationary terminal 32 and at the other end of its travel it is adapted to engage and form electrical contact with the terminal 33. A continuous electrical connection with the arm 31 vis maintained during its movement bymeans of a brush 34v whichis iixed upon the 'plate 28 and bears at one end upon the hb'of the arm 31. It will, of course, be understood that the switch arm and its hub, and the various contacts end'so as to embrace the rod '17. Upon the rod 17 are slidingly adjustable tappets 36 and 37 adapted tov engage with the forked v end ofthe arm 35 and rock the shaft29 as the bar 17 is moved to andfro with thefre-v .ciprocating part. Also extending from the shaft 29 is an arm 38. This arm, however, is not rigidly fixed to the shaft but is piv- Qted at one end thereon and secured thereto by means of a spring v39 and screw-eye 40 whichiis xed to the rock shaft. The end of the arm 38 extends into the path` of a tap- -pet 41 which is slidingly adjustably mounted upon the rod 25 so that the vshaft, 29 is rocked when the rod 25 is operated, the flexible connection' between ythe rock shaft and `the arm 38 preventing any shock or breaklt-he base 2 and have of which is connected to an end of each bf the magnet coils 11 and 12. One end of the magnet coil 11 is con- "nectedl with the terminal 33 and one termina-l of the magnet 12 is connected with the terminal 32. 'lhe other terminal of the battery 42'is connected to the brush 34 and consequently to the switch arm 31. It will,

therefore, be apparent, that when the switch arm 31 vis in engagement with the terminal 32, t-he magnet coil 12 will be energized and the reciprocating part will be raised. It will also be seen that when the switch arm is in engagement with the terminal 33 the magnet coil 11 will be'energized and tend to throw the reciprocating part toward the anvil. Whenthe switch arm is in intermediate position, that is, not in engagement with either ofl the terminals 32 and 33, neither ofy the magnet coils 11 or 12 will be energized. Beneath the reciprocating part is the anvil 43 slidably mounted in the supports 44, 45 and 46 which are mounted upon slots in their tops for receiving the anvil. To accomplish the sliding of the anvil a-pin 47 is fixed in the anvil and extends within the bifurcated end of the arm 48 which is fixed to a rock'shaft 49 mounted in the arm 50 upon the standard 3. This arm maybe adjustable and constructed ofpiping` parts in a manner similar to the supports for the magnets, etc., as before referred tor Fixed tothe s aft 49 is an arm 51 which,.at one\end,'is pivotally secured to a rod 52 which extends downwardly and, at its lower end,I isl pivoted to the treadle 53. The treadles 53 and 26.are preferably located benath the- Hoor as shown. The spring 54 encircling the shaftY 49 and engaging the arm 50 at one end and the arm 51 at the other, tends1to hold the rod 52 and arm 51 in elevated position and the anvil or block beneath the reciprocating tool. Thebifurcation in the end of the arm 48 is made of such proportionsas to allow considerable clearance between it and th'e pin so that lost motion between the anvil and arm is permitted. A stop 55 in the slot of the support 44 operateskto limit the ,travel of the anvil and to lindicate to the operator when the anvil is in working position.

`In the particular apparatusshown in the i drawings, the tool 15 is aehammer-head, andL the anvil 43 with which it coperates is of special construction to suit a particular purpose. The particular purpose in View is to secure. trays suchas that indicated,by the reference numeral 56 in Fig. 5, to a pairof strips, one on each side, of textile material such as canvas.A Such a strip is indicated by the numeral57 to which the tray is secured by means of a tab 58 of canvas or other suitable material. tab is sewed tothis strip 57 While the other end of the tab is secured to the tray by.

bending over a' lip 59 upon the edge of the tab and punching depressions in the tray so that the projections thereby formed will enter thetab and secure it rmly to the tray. It may here be stated that the trays,

such asl 56,l are stampedv from sheet metal, j preferably iron, and a lip' as 60 is punched up on each side of the tray, this being the conditionl of the tray when it is presented to the' apparatus shownin`Fig. l for the purpose of securing itto the flexible strips.

' These trays are used in connection with` a credit account system, a series of them being flexibly supported between strips 57 by tabs58.

The specialrform of 'anvil shown has a 4plurality of sharpened projections 61 upon its face -(see particularly Figs.l4 and 6), these projections being removably and adjustably secured in the face of the anvil so that they may be adjusted as to height Aas they become worn or may be removed and new ones replaced in case breakage occurs.

The connections'referred to may be accomplished by means of screw threads upon the -low'er ends of the projections, as shown 1n Fig. 6, which engage in screw threadedsockets in the anvil. The anvil isvalso provided w'ith three parallel slots-62, 63 and 64, which open at one sidepf the anvil, the

slots 63 and 64 being comparatively narrow while the slot 62 is comparatively wide. Running 'at right angles to the slots just referred to is'- another comparatively narsupports 44 and 45, this wire being for the purpose of preventing the operators lingers Yfrom getting into a dangerous position from this side. v 4

In placing the tray; prepared as described, upon the anvil, it. may be laid upon the an. vil face with the V Ashaped end 68 iin the slot 62, the lateral lip 69 in the slot65 and the end 70 in the slot 64. The bottom of the tray will then rest upon the anvil With the projections 61 bearing upon'i't to one yside of the lip 60. A tab, as 58, having been placed close up to lip 60` and behind the same, when l the hammer descends the lip will be bent down upon the end of the tab while the projections 61 will produce indentations there- 65 by securely clamping the tab to the trayy and one Sme 0f this even forcing the material of the tray through the body of the tab. One side of the tray having` been thus secured the tray is turned end 'for end. The lip upon the other side of the tray which corresponds tp the lip 69 is placed inthe slot 65.V The end i 68 which does not extend the full widthof .the tray will hang outside the anvil. The

end 70 will take into the slot 63. It will be 3 observed that the points at which the tabs are attached arenearer to the end 70 of the =tray than to the other end. When, therefore, the tray is reversed if the end 70 were placedwithin the slot 62 the tray would not be properlygpositioned with relation to the anvil. It is, therefore, necessary to provide the slot 63 to accommodate the end 70. The

tray havingbeen turned end for end and placed upon the anvil, as described, a tab is placed in position, asbeforelindicated,

and is secured by a blow of the hammer. In

Fig. 5, upon that side of the tray where the flexible strip appears, the tab is` shown as connected to the tray by reason of having passed through the operation just described. To /secure the tray in proper position upon the anvil, after it has been placed, an

5 electro-magnetic means is provided which is shown as consisting lof electro-magnets 71 land-72 having'poles' 73 and 74, the coils of the electro-magnet being connect-ed' across a suitable source of supply, as the'battery v42 (see Fig. 3'). These magnets are shown as supportedf'rom the standard 3 in suitable position to hold the tray properly upon the anvil by attraction which they exert ilpon the iron composing the tray. f

The operation of the mechanism may be -set forth as follows: Inv its normal position the reciprocating part carrying t-he hammerhead 15 is latched in its retracted position, that is, -in its position away from the work, as shown in Fig. l. The tray having been vThe hammer-head is therefore'not only impelled towardl the anvil by gravity but .by

vplaced in position the treadle 26 is. de-l y j a force, which may be made any desired by properly proportioning the magnet, is added to that ofsgravity in projectingthe hammer toward .the anvil, this -movement of the hammer `toward' the anvil being it-s working stroke. Under these' forces the 'hammer-head delivers its blow `and at the same' instant the tappe't 37 engages the arm 35 and throws-'the switch arm 31 against the terminal 32. The circuit of the magnet coil 12 being'thus closed the plunger is attracted upwardly and the hook 18 is engaged by the catch lL19 so vthat the reciprocating part is lsustained in its raised position. Near the .end of the upward strok of the reciprocat` 55 tracting 'said reciprocating part, said reas shown in Fig. l, thereby opening the circuit of the'coil 12 and; leaving both coils l1 and 12 open circuited. The operator may now. press `the treadle 53 when the anvil tive will be, slid from beneath the hammerland the work may be removed -or readjusted thereon. The material having been ,properly adjusted upon the anvil the treadle may be'released when the anvil will move under the inliuence of the spring 54, back beneath the hammer when the apparatuslmay be op-- erated as before.

4To secure proper light upon the work an' incandescent electriclamp 90 may be supported from thel apparatus as shown in Figl.`

What I claim is 1v. In an apparatus of Vthe character described, the combination of a normally inacmagnet coil and an armature therefor,v a reciprocating part to which said armature is connected, a releasable device'for engaging and holding said manual means for releasing said holding device, andlmeans for closing the circuit forl the magnet coil after the said part hascbeen release from theholding device for eiiecting its working stroke. 1 2. In an apparatus of the character described,` the combination of a normally inactive magnet coil and an armature therefor, a reciprocating part to which said armature is connected, a releasable device for engaging andliolding said part in retracted position, maniial means for re easing said holding device, and meansfor closing the circuit for the magnet coil after the said part lias been released from the holdin device for effecting 'its working stroke, t being inactive during the retraction of said part.

SFInJan apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination of a normally inac-` tive magnet coil and `an armature therefor,

a reciprocating part to which said armature -is connected, a releasabledevice for enga ing. and h'oldingsaid part in' retracted position, manual means for releasing said holding device, means "for closing the circuit for the magnet coil after the said'part has been released from the holding device for effecting .its working-stroke, and means for retracting means being inactive during t-he working stroke thereof.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a normally inactive magnet coil and an armature therefor, a reciprocating part to which said armature is connected, a releasable device for engaging and holding said part in retracted position, manual means for releasing said holdintermediate position,

part in retracted position,

ing device, means for closing the circuit for i the ma et coil after the said 'part has been release y from the holding device for effecting its working stroke, and electrical means part, said for retractiiig said reciprocating k e wor 111g means being inactive during t stroke thereof.

5. In an apparatus of the character dev scribed, the combination of a normally inactive magnet coil and an armature therefor, a

reciprocating part to whichsaid armature is.

device for engaging` connected, a releasable and holding said part in retracted position, manual means for releasing said holding device, and means for closing the circuit for the magnet coil after the said part has been released from the holding device for eect-l ing its working stroke and means comprising a coil operating on said armature to re- .t-ract said reciprocating tool.

6. In a tool reciprocating ineans, the cornbination with a'reciprocating part, a magnet coil for e ecting the working stroke of said reciprocating part, a magnet coil for retracting said reciprocating part, means releasable at will for holding said reciprocating part in retracted position, switching mechanism controlling said coils and means operated by said reciprocating switching mechanism. j

7. In a tool reciprocati g means, the combination with a reciprocating part, of VA'a magnet coil for retracting said part, releasable means for securing said lpart in retracted position, a magnet coileffeeting the working stroke of said part, a switching l,mechanism for controlling said coils comprising a switch arm, tappets upon said reciprocating part and means whereby said tappets operate said switch arm, one of said tappetsbeing so adjusted as to throw said switch arm into neutral position when said reciprocating part approaches its retracted position and another of said tappets bein so adjusted as to move said switch arm to c ose the circuit of the retracting co'ilwhen said reciprocating part is at the end of its working stroke.

8. In a tool reciprocating means, the combination with a y able means for holding saidQpart'in retracted position, a` magnet coil for effecting the working stroke of said part, switching mechanism for controlling ,said coil and a comreciprocating part, `of releasmon means' for .releasing said' releasable means, and operating said switch mechanism to control said coil. n

9. In a tool reciprocating means, the combination with a reciprocating part, of releasi able means for holding said part in retracted position, a magnet coil for eifecting 'the working'stroke of said anism forcontrolling said coil and acommor manuallyT operated means for releasing said releasable means, and ope1at-ing`-said 'switchmechanism to'gcontrol said coil.

i part, switching mech f 10. In a tool reciprocating means,the combination with a lreciprocating part, of means releasable at will for holding said part in retracted position, a magnet coil for retracting said part, a second magnet coil oret'ecting the Working stroke of said part, switching mechanism for controlling said coils, means actuated by said reciprocating part for operating said switching mechanism to open the circuit of said second magnet coil and close the circuit of the retracting coil, when the reciprocating part is at the end of its working stroke, and to open the circuit of the said retracting coil when'the reciprocating part is near its retracted position, manually operated means for releasing the means for holding the reciprocating part in retracted position and means operated by said manually operated means for moving the said switch mechanism into position to close the circuit of said second magnet coil.

l1. In a tool of the class described, the combination with a reciprocating part, of releasable means for supporting said part in retracted position,'electrical means for efecting the Working stroke of said part including a switch, manual means for operat-ing said supporting means to release the reciprocating part, and automatically operated mechanical means for closing and opening said switch.

12. In a tool of the class described, the combination with a reciprocating part, of releasable means for supporting said part in retracted position, electrical means for effecting the working stroke of said part in. cluding a switch, manual means for operating said supporting means to release the re ciprocating part, and mechanical means lautomatically operated by said manual operating means and said reciprocating part for closing and opening said switch at the oppoi site ends of movement of said part.

13. In a reciprocating tool mechanism, the combination with a reciprocating part arranged to move vertically, of a magnet coil for eiecting the Working stroke of said part, a spring operated device for releasably supporting said part in retracted position, and means for energizing said coil after the release of said supporting device.

In testimony whereof I aHiX myv signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRY B. IVI-IITE.

Witnesses:

JOHN KOEHN, CEAS. BALL.` 

